Its All Downhill :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

Its All Downhill From Here   802 a.m. Saturday. Its still dark, as usual, on these cold, winter days. E genuinelybody else is still sleeping and enjoying the comfprting heat of their beds. I crack open the locked window by my bed, an act some deemed downright idiotic. I funnies off my pjs, throw on my robe, and head for the shower.   Drying off, I think about where I am abou to go. I dress piece by layered piece. I commodet wait to hit the slopes I round up my tools body, boards, boots, bindings. Everything is in working order and ready for take-off. As I open the front door, I am shocked by the cold and fight my way through the wind to my car. I turn the key and put the heater on full blast. I am almost there.   I step out of my car and survey the parking lot. Not too many cars. Thats the way I like it. I take a deep breath and savor the frsh air. Already, I can feel the pressure of deadlines lifted off my chest. I strap my skis on, and prepare non just to tackle a run but other situations in my life as well. I skate over to the first pitch of the picture diamond slope, and map out where I will take the first couple turns. It is almost like I am assessing my goals in life get accepted into Syracuse, owning a house in Colorado, raising a healthy family.   I appreciate the sound of carving the first turn as if it was my very last. The crunching of the snow under my feet empowers me to crush the antagonists in my everyday life. The second and third turns secure my self-confidence. Only with the fourth turn do I start to ready that things are not always that easy.   I heard it said often, Its easier said than done. I never believed it until now. I only skid slightly over a patch of ice, but it is enough to start my heart thumping. I am suddenly aware that to finish this run or to reach my goals, I lead to be ready for the tricky spots. I know that at any moment I could fall and be forced to start over. My lifetime goals can be affec ted by any number of things - grades slipping, drugs and alcohol - and I have to be ready to handle anything.

Anti-semitism :: essays research papers

AntisemitismIf the Anti-Semites want to hate, let them hate, and let them all go to hell -David Ben-Gurion anti-Semitism in the Encarta dictionary is defined has a behavior discriminating against Jewish people that harm or discriminate against Jewish people. This definition does not even scrap the surface of what the word Anti-Semitism means to you if you are Jewish.Anti-Semitisms major part was to give Jews a bad reputation of being subhuman and threatening the purity of the German master race. The Nazis also propagated false claims such as the supposed role of Jews in the stab in the back, betrayal of Ger some(prenominal)s Army that led the Versailles agreement with its loss territory and large reparation payments.In the postwar old age, Germans suffered runaway inflation and massive unemployment. The National Socialist Workers (Nazi) Party was just one of the many racist groups that sprang up. Hitler soon became most effective anti-Jewish leader. His anti-Semitic blueprint was set out in the book Mein Kampf, and after he assumed power in the 1930s it became official policy. Although opposed to Christianity, Hitler used it in his antisemitic message. He wrote If... the Jew is victorious over the peoples of the world, his crown will be the funeral wreath of humanity and this planet will, as it did thousands of years ago, move through the ether devoid of men. Hence today I believe that I am acting in accordance with the will of the causality By defining myself against the Jew, I am fighting for the work of the Lord.With writings like this and speeches with mass crowds Hitler gave, it is no wonder the majority of Europeans accepted Hitlers views. If he did not brainwash his followers, he scared them to death to go against him. Hitler would have his soldiers come into your home and demolish it if they thought you were against them or were hiding Jewish families. The closure of Europeans acceptance (or better called brainwash) to the brutality of the Jews cau sed the mass murders of millions of innocent Jews. The were not only were Jews murdered but they were tortured, beaten, and humiliated before death. We all know the stories of the Jews and it will and grass never be forgotten.I believe similar attitudes exist in our society today. (Read Letter attached). It is a follower of Hitler today expressing is hatred towards Jews.

Poisonwood Bible Essay -- English Literature Essays

Poisonwood BibleBarbara Kingsolver is the author of many well-written pieces of literature including The Poisonwood Bible. This wise explores the beauty and hardships that exist in the Belgian Congo in 1959. Told by the wife and four daughters of a fierce Baptist, Nathan Price, Kingsolver cl advance(prenominal) captures the realities this family and mission went through during their move to the Congo. The four daughters were raised in Atlanta Georgia in the 1950s therefore entering the Congo with preconceived racial beliefs, and a actually antithetical way of life than they would short experience. Throughout The Poisonwood Bible Kingsolver explores the importance and impact of confidence, and a religion based on your own private beliefs. Orleanna Price, the wife and mother, of this struggling family is a very echt woman, lacking some of the stronger religious background of which her husband possesses. Orleanna, struggles with the hardships of daily life toting and disinfecting the familys water, scrambling to make ends meet and trying to protect her family from the myriad terrors of the bush. Orleanna uses irony to describe the early days of her marriage. As she describes them, the days when there was still room for laughter in her husbands evangelical calling, before her pregnancies embarrassed him, before he returned from World war II a different man, a man who planned to save more souls than had perished on the road from Bataan. Her husband, Nathan Price, had escaped those miseries simply by luck, and knowing it curling his heart like a piece of hard shoe leather. As her husband continually preaches the good Lords word, she is faced with what seems to her to be the more consequential burdens of life, survival and keeping her family safe and sane. She doesnt appear to pass water nearly so strong of a religious background as her husband would have hoped for her, however, throughout the novel it is made quite clear that she is in fact a better person than her husband could have ever hoped to be. Her daughter, Leah, captures her mothers religion very well when she says, my father wears his faith like the bronze breastplate of divinitys foot soldiers, while our mothers is more like a good cloth coat with a secondhand fit. This quote is very true, as her father is the evangelical missionary leader who parades his religion around, as he craves for the reputation of being a ... ... God by a different name, many different names actually, further all of them combined created the same image of what Nathan Price believed in, God. These people helped to show the different forms of which our God takes on, many cultures may appear to be non-believers but in reality each societys God aims for the same goals. As this novel is told entry by entry, narrated by the women of the family a clear picture of life in the Congo is very accurately represented as well as the influences of faith on each character. Leah clearly points out, Weve all ende d up giving up body and soul to Africa, one way or another. all(prenominal) of us, she adds, got our heart buried in six feet of African dirt we are all co-conspirators here. This is true of each and every character throughout the novel, as their faith is altered and influenced by the events within their stay in the Belgian Congo. Kingsolver presents to her reader many separate versions of faith, from Nathans forever devoted, to Orleannas incredibly subtle but morally strong. While reading the passages narrated by the women of the family it is realized, that without your own personal beliefs a life filled with success is unfathomable.

Whites v. Slaves :: American America History

Whites v. Slavesthroughout the nineteenth century, the relationship between Africans and White settlers had neer been exactly pleasant, most Africans were slaves who were usually hard-boiled badly and therefore never did respect their white owners. However, everyplace time, these slaves began to revolutionize their culture, language, and points of view based on their environment. Many changes were occurring in this period of time, thus creating countless opportunities for the African Americans to fabricate their stark naked culture. A catalyst to this education of the new society is the noted differences the Africans and whites possess. Many of the Africans despised the whites, so they tired to stay as far away from them as possible, this rift in the peoples created the primary(prenominal) African culture, purely based on the opposite ideas that the whites held. On the other hand, many times the White people would back up out the Africans, and a bandage would form between the slaves and their master. Although the groups tried to remain different in this situation, the ideas between the devil mingled together and they influenced each other. As steep as slavery may have seemed at the time, I think it may have been a positive good, simply due to the actuality that at this time, White people were exceedingly ignorant, and without slavery, they possibly would not have a way of dealing with interactions with the slaves. As we look to post-Civil wartime, up to the time of MLK, we see that ignorance was an plague throughout all of us, without the slavery, Africans were treated with the utmost disrespect. Common rights were stripped from them, and at times they were reduced to being treated like animals. During the period in question, the two races grew into coexisting without any major(ip) conflict or altercation. Comparatively to the north, the slave southern states did not seem to treat its workers any worse. It was said that at the time, the slaves were achieving go shelter, food and clothing. The migrant workers in the north at many times worked similar 10-14 hour shifts, and at many times, the slaved did not work that many hours, depending on what type of system they were working. gain the workers up north did not have much food to eat, or clothes to wear, something the slaves did enjoy.Whites v. Slaves American America HistoryWhites v. SlavesThroughout the nineteenth century, the relationship between Africans and White settlers had never been exactly pleasant, most Africans were slaves who were usually treated badly and therefore never did respect their white owners. However, over time, these slaves began to revolutionize their culture, language, and points of view based on their environment. Many changes were occurring in this period of time, thus creating countless opportunities for the African Americans to fabricate their new culture. A catalyst to this development of the new society is the noted differences the Africans and whites possess. Many of the Africans despised the whites, so they tired to stay as far away from them as possible, this rift in the peoples created the main African culture, purely based on the opposite ideas that the whites held. On the other hand, many times the White people would help out the Africans, and a bond would form between the slaves and their master. Although the groups tried to remain different in this situation, the ideas between the two mingled together and they influenced each other. As horrific as slavery may have seemed at the time, I think it may have been a positive good, simply due to the actuality that at this time, White people were exceedingly ignorant, and without slavery, they possibly would not have a way of dealing with interactions with the slaves. As we look to post-Civil wartime, up to the time of MLK, we see that ignorance was an infestation throughout all of us, without the slavery, Africans were treated with the utmost disrespect. Common right s were stripped from them, and at times they were reduced to being treated like animals. During the period in question, the two races grew into coexisting without any major conflict or altercation. Comparatively to the north, the slave southern states did not seem to treat its workers any worse. It was said that at the time, the slaves were achieving better shelter, food and clothing. The migrant workers in the north at many times worked similar 10-14 hour shifts, and at many times, the slaved did not work that many hours, depending on what type of system they were working. Plus the workers up north did not have much food to eat, or clothes to wear, something the slaves did enjoy.

Existence Of God Essay -- essays research papers

The Existence of GodEver since I can remember, I have believed in God. I had invariably thought that he existed in a way that we did not understand and or can not comprehend, and that is spiritually (Almighty). I have always thought that it would be impossible to prove/disprove Gods existence (solely based on the spiritual aspect), because if he is the almighty then he can numerate and go as he sees fit (be seen and unseen as he sees fit, too). There has been a lot that has happened to me, not only in spiritual essences, barely also in a material essence that strengthened my beliefs that God exists. Call it social conditioning, that I have this belief, but my family and friends all have the same(p) belief. Even after the class (First course in philosophy) has ended I am no more clear whether God exist (in a physical manner) or does not (at all). Since I have grown up in the belief that God exists (which has not brought on any harm), then I shall go with what I believe in and sta te that he does exist. Evidence that he does exist is not needed, for this is like a court case you are bleak until proven guilty. So with this in mind, he exist until you can prove his non-existence. Although there are many arguments to disprove his existence none are cheering proof. Just like there are many arguments to prove his existence that lack physical proof, too. With this all in mind I will entreat that the, so-called, evidence of his existence out ways that of his non-exist...

Existence Of God Essay -- essays research papers

The Existence of GodEver since I can remember, I have believed in God. I had perpetually thought that he existed in a way that we did not understand and or can not comprehend, and that is spiritually (Almighty). I have always thought that it would be impossible to prove/disprove Gods existence (solely based on the spiritual aspect), because if he is the almighty then he can observe and go as he sees fit (be seen and unseen as he sees fit, too). There has been a lot that has happened to me, not only in spiritual essences, merely also in a forcible essence that strengthened my beliefs that God exists. Call it social conditioning, that I have this belief, but my family and friends all have the homogeneous belief. Even after the class (First course in philosophy) has ended I am no more clear whether God exist (in a physical manner) or does not (at all). Since I have grown up in the belief that God exists (which has not brought on any harm), then I shall go with what I believe in an d state that he does exist. Evidence that he does exist is not needed, for this is like a court case you are vindicated until proven guilty. So with this in mind, he exist until you can prove his non-existence. Although there are many arguments to disprove his existence none are secure proof. Just like there are many arguments to prove his existence that lack physical proof, too. With this all in mind I will argue that the, so-called, evidence of his existence out ways that of his non-exist...

1776 by David McCullough Essay

Revered historian David McCullough covers the martial side of the historic year of 1776 with trait insight and an gripping description, appending new research and an innovative standpoint to the foundation of the American Revolution. It was a tumultuous and bewildering time. As British and American officials fought to make a negotiation, incidents on the footing escalated until struggle was unavoidable.McCullough writes gaudily intimately the depressing conditions that herds on both sides had to bear, embracing a bizarrely ruthless winter, and the job that luck and the quirks of the climate played in assisting the august forces hold off the worlds supreme militia. He also successfully discovers the magnitude of enthusiasm and troop self-confidence a knot was the said(prenominal) as a triumph to the Americans, while anything other than crushing victory was off-putting to the British, who projected a quick finish to the combat The redcoat recess from Boston, for instance, was p rincipally mortifying for the British, whereas the negligible American win at Trenton was overstated regardless of its partial strategic importance.In his latest book, 1776, David McCullough wields on this earthshaking year the narrative gifts he is expressed in such fascinating accounts as The Great Bridge plus The Path between the Seas. As a olden times of the American Revolution, it is an improbably abridged volume critical developments leading to the insurrection like the Stamp Act, which occur to fall external the boundaries of Mr. McCulloughs strict time outline, are not observed, and succeeding episodes of the war (which would keep on after the Trenton-Princeton crusade for an added half-dozen traumatic years) are overlooked as well. Quantities of the strongest courses in 1776 are the illuminating and well-formed descriptions of the Georges on either sides of the Atlantic. King George III, so often represented as a shambling, haughty fool, is given an additional oversolicit ous treatment by McCullough, who reveals that the king deemed the settlers to be ill-tempered subjects without valid gripes an outlook that led him to underrate the will and aptitudes of the Americans. Now and then he seems dazed that war was even obligatory.The great Washington meets his substantial status in these pages, and McCullough hinges on private association to balance the man and the fable, disclosing how severely concerned Washington was about the Americans chances for success, regardless of his public sanguinity. Perhaps more than any other man, he recognized how providential they were to simply carry on the year, and he gladly places the debt instrument for their fortuity in the hands of God in lieu of his own. Enchanting and terrifically written, 1776 is the work of a skilled historian. 1776 is least valuable, nevertheless, at conveying the upcountry of most war narratives combat. The initial, and best, hundred pages focus on the cordon of Boston, an overwrought but almost bloodless issue. When the action transfers to New York, the narrative sagged. McCullough writes with great lucidity regarding the composite plant tactics between Manhattan, Long Island and Westchester County in the summer and fall of 1776. But when battle blasts, the action turns out to be hindered in stock images. 1776 is even so an emotive and sensible work, reminding us that its armed forces rather than tavern nationalists and turbulent politicians who have constantly paid the price of American optimism and determined its victories. industrial plant CitedMcCullough, David, (May 24, 2005), 1776, Simon & Schuster ISBN 0743226712.

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 16

The Best Therapist in the Entire WorldThe Monday morning after the Eagles daily round the Texans, a funny thing happens. Im doing some initial stretching in the basement, when my father comes down for the first time since I keep been national.Pat? he says.I stop stretching, stand up, and face him. Hes on the last step, stopped as if he is afraid to set a foot down on my territory.Dad?You certainly got a lot of equipment down here.I dont say anything, because I know he is probably mad at my mother for purchasing me a gym.Theres pretty good Eagles coverage in the papers today, he says, and accordingly extends the sports sections of the Courier-Post and The Philadelphia Inquirer to me. I got up early and finished reading twain so that you could keep up with the team. By your comments yesterday during the game, I could tell you dont know all of the players, and I thought maybe youd like to follow on this season now that youre home and well, Ill just leave them on the top step fro m now on.Im too shocked to speak or move, because my father has interpreted the sports pages with him to work ever since Jake and I were little kids. Jake used to fight with Dad all the time ab out this, asking him to at least bring home the sports sections after work so we could read the articles after we finished our homework. But Dad always left with the papers in the beginning we were out of bed, and he never brought the sports sections home for us ever, saying he forgot or lost them at work. Jake finally subscribed himself when he got his first job stocking shelves at the local salient Foods, and this was when we started reading the daily sports pages together every morning before school. He was twelve I was thirteen.I do three hundred sit-ups on the prevail Master 6000 before I allow myself to pick up the paper from the bottom step. As my stomach muscles crunch and burn, I worry that my father is yet playing a mean trick on me and that the papers will be the entertainment o r food sections, but when I finish the sit-ups and film my way to the steps, I see that Dad actually did leave me the sports sections of both papers.When it is time for me to take my a.m. pills, I find my mom in the kitchen cooking eggs. My place is set at the breakfast bar, and my five morning pills be laid out in a line on a napkin.Look, I say, and nominate up what my father gave me.Sports pages, eh? Mom says over the sound of frying eggs.Yeah. I sit down and pop all five pills into my mouth, trying to decide how some I will swallow today. But why?Mom scrapes the eggs from the pan and onto my plate with her spatula. She smiles and says, Your father is trying, Pat. But I wouldnt ask too more questions if I were you. Take what he gives you and be happy thats what we do, right?She smiles at me hopefully, and right then I decide to swallow all five pills, so I take a sip of water and do just that.Every day that week, I hear the basement door open and close, and when I check th e top step, I find the sports sections, which I read from cover to cover while I eat breakfast with Mom.The big news is the forthcoming Giants game, which everyone thinks will be the key to winning the NFC East, especially since the Giants have already lost to the Indianapolis Colts in game one. A loss will flummox them at 0 2 and the Eagles at 2 0. The game is being hyped as a big one, and I have a ticket, thanks to Jake, which makes me really excited. Each night, I wait for my dad to come home from work, hoping he might want to talk about the upcoming game with me so I can use the current players names and prove to him that I am a real fan again but he always takes his dinner into his study and locks the door. A few times I actually go to his study and raise a fist to knock, but I chicken out every night. Mom says, Give him time.Sitting in the brown recliner, I talk about my dad with Dr. slump during my Friday appointment. I tell him how Dad is difference me the sports se ctions now, and how I know this is a huge deal for Dad, but I wish he would talk to me more. Cliff listens, but says little about my father. preferably he keeps bringing up Tiffany, which is sort of annoying because she has only been following me when I run, and thats about it.Your mother says you are going to the beach with Tiffany tomorrow, Cliff says, and then smiles like men sometimes do when they are talking about women and sex.Im going with Ronnie and Veronica and baby Emily too. The whole point is to take Emily to the beach because she did non get to go much this summer and it will be cold soon. Little kids love the beach, Cliff.Are you excited about going?Sure. I guess. I mean, Ill have to get up super early to get a good workout in and finish when we come home, but What about sightedness Tiffany in a bathing suit?I blink several times before I grasp what he has said to me.You said before that she has a nice body, Cliff adds. Are you looking forward to seeing it? Maybe s he will wear a bikini. What do you think?I touch mad for a second because my therapist is sort of being disrespectful but then I realize Cliff is testing my morals again, fashioning sure I am fit to be out of the mental institution, so I smile, nod, and say, Cliff, Im married, remember?He nods back wisely and winks, making me feeling like I passed the test.We talk a little more about how I made it through a whole week without having an episode, which is evidence that the drugs are working, according to Cliff because he doesnt know I spit at least half of the pills into the toilet and when it is time for me to go, Cliff says, I just have one more thing to say to you.What?He shocks me by jumping to his feet, halting both hands in the air, and yelling AhhhhhhhhhhhhhhSo I jump to my feet, throw both hands in the air, and yell Ahhhhhhhhhhh too.E-A-G-L-E-S EAGLES we chant in unison, spelling the letters with our arms and legs, and suddenly I am so happy.Cliff predicts a 21 14 Eag les victory as he walks me out of his office, and after I agree with his prognosis, we enter the waiting room and my mother says, Were you ii just doing the Eagles chant?Cliff raises his eyebrows and shrugs his shoulders at my mother, but when he turns to walk back into his office, he begins whistling Fly, Eagles, Fly, at which point I know that I am seeing the best therapist in the entire world.On the drive home, my mother asks me if Cliff and I talked about anything other than Eagles football during the therapy session, and alternatively of answering her question, I say, Do you think that Dad will start talking to me at night if the Eagles beat the Giants?Mom frowns, grips the steering wheel a little harder. The sad reality is he might, Pat. He really might, she says, and I start to get my hopes up.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Fiber Optics

**Solvency** Not capable with current resources and timeframe to solve takes too long Fainberg, 2012 Max. BTOP Program Officer Broadband plait Season. Home Page NTIA. N. p. , 19 Oct. 2012. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. . Broadband is a world of extremes it takes heavy-duty, 10-ton equipment to install fiber strands that ar as small as a homosexual hair. It takes months and years of hot, sweaty, dust-filled workdays to build a network that exit provide massive amounts of data to end users at speeds mea sured in millionths of a second.It takes hundreds of man-hours, at a pace of 1000 feet per day to install the fiber that will connect our schools and hospitals with resources on the other side of the planet with just the click of a mouse. mean cant solve alone Free Press Reports, 2009 Wired Less Disconnected in Urban America. Washington D. C. Free Press, 2009. Print. For many urban residents, high-speed profits services, which typically cost $40 to $60 per month, are simply too pricey. C ompounding the Internet access problem, many people are otiose to afford a computer or lack the skills to navigate the Web. And just like their rural counterparts, some urban areas ready been redlined by Internet service providers that refuse to offer service to communities that whitethorn non provide as large a financial return. Many urban residents are locked out, unable to participate fully in the digital era. Theyre prevented from applying for jobs, telecommuting, taking online classes or even finishing their homework. Its becoming increasingly clear that Internet connectivity is appoint to a sound economy and could assist those hit hardest by the economic downturn. Fiber-Optics are too vulnerable, delays solvency Seibert, 2009Paul. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Fiber Optics Hub Tech Insider. Hub Tech Insider Technology Trends in and nearly Boston and Beyond. Word Press, 4 June 2009. Web. 23 Mar. 2013. . Fiber is a small and compact cable, and it is highly susceptible to becoming cut or damaged during induction or construction activities. Because railroads often provide rights-of-way for fiber optic installation, railroad car derailments pose a significant cable damage threat, and these events can pick service to large groups of people, as fiber optic cables can provide tremendous data transmittance capabilities.Because of this, when fiber optic cabling is chosen as the transmission medium, it is necessary to address restoration, backup and survivability. **Executive Order Turns** Totalitarianism Turn Executive orders are instruments of totalitarianism Mayer, 2001 (Kenneth, Professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Princeton University Press, With the Stroke of a playpen, 2001, http//press. princeton. edu/chapters/s7095. pdf, Accessed 7/23/2012) Observers who are even less sympathetic cast executive orders in analtogether sinister light, seeing in them evidence of a bounteous conspiracyto bring in a presidential dictato rship.The common theme of these com-plaints is that the executive order is an example of unaccountable power and a way of evading both gentlemans gentleman beings sound judgement and constitutional constraints. In the more extreme manifestations, executive orders are portrayed as an instrument of secret government and totalitarianism. Thepresident translates Do this Do that and not yet is it done, but the government, the economy, and individual freedom are crushed under the yokeof executive decree.Truman is said to have issued a top-secret executive order in 1947 to create a special government commission to investigate the alleged flyingsaucer crash in Roswell, New Mexico (the air force says no much(prenominal) orderexists, but not surprisingly the proponents of the UFO-order theory dontbelieve it). 36 When John F. Kennedy issued a series of executive orders authorizing federal agencies to prepare studies of how they would respond to national emergencies, some saw this as evi dence that the government was getting ready to take over the economy and establish totalitarian regime. 37 The Justice Department in 1963 complained of an organized prevail to mislead the public about these orders. The department had presumably grown tired of responding to members of Congress, who referred letters from constituents expressing outrage and alarm over the dictatorship that was right around the corner. 38 Conflict Turn Presidential funding approval without Congressional agreement causes inter- emergence conflict Rosen 98 Colonel Richard, Judge Advocate Generals Corps, United States Army, Funding Non-Traditional Military trading operating theatres The Alluring Myth Of A Presidential Power Of The Purse Military Law Review 155 Mil. L. Rev. 1, Lexis Finally, if a situation is sufficiently grave and an operation is essential to national security, the President has the raw, physical powerbut not the legal authorityto spend public funds without congressional approval, after which he or she can either seek congressional approbation or attempt to weather the resulting political storm.To the Presidents immediate advantage is the fact that the only sure means of directly stopping such unconstitutional conduct is impeachment. 703 Congress could, however, *149 certainly situate a Presidents life miserable through other means, such as denying requested legislation or appropriations, delaying confirmation of presidential appointments, and conducting public investigations into the Presidents actions. Interbranch battles hold up agency action major delays on implementation- the impact is no solvency Cooper 2 Phillip, Professor of Public Administration Portland State University, By Order of the President The Use and Abuse of Executive Direct Action 232-233 A president who is focused on the short-term, internal view of a possible decision may elect a power management memory access. The emphasis is on efficient, effective, prompt, and takeled action within th e executive branch. This is an increasingly common approach employed by new administrations certainly it has been by Reagan and his successors.Whether spoken or unspoken, the tendency to take away a power management perspective as the base for the use of presidential direct action tools may grow from an assumption that alternative approaches will simply not work or not work rapidly enough because of recalcitrant administrative agencies or opposition by other institutional players inside or outside the Beltway. The executive orders on rulemaking issued by presidents Carter, Reagan, Bush, and Clinton and the Bush memoranda on the rulemaking moratorium are clear examples of this approach.The tendency to use this approach may also stem from the idea that the situation confronting the White House is a real or a perceived emergency in which the executive branch must be mobilized for action. Another tendency is to use this type of approach in national security matters where the White Hous e holds the view that time is of the centerfield and a particular window of opportunity exists that must be seized. This kind of action is common in the use of national security directives.Control of sensitive materials, violence practices, or communications is often the focus of this kind of activity. Another feature of the power management approach is the attempt to use the policies of the executive branch to make a wider political point. Certainly the Reagan administrations Drug Free Workplace order is an example, as are many of the Clinton-era orders and memoranda associated with the reinventing government initiative.Still, the power management approach presents many of the dangers and challenges of the various types of instruments. The costs can be high, and the damage both within government and to people outside it can be significant. The rulemaking orders have even administrative agencies up in knots for years and have trapped them in a cross fire between the Congress that adopted statutes requiring regulations to be issued and presidents who act to measure their success by the number of rulemaking processes they could block.Reagans NSD 84 and other related directives seeking to impose dramatically intensified controls on access to information and control over communication during and after government employment incited a mini rebellion even among a number of cabinet level officials and conveyed a thought of the tenor of leadership being exercised in the executive branch that drew fire from many sources. The Clinton ethics order was meant to make a very public and political point, but it was one of the factors contributing to the administrations inability to staff many of its key positions for months.Tyranny Turn Executive orders are bad, cause tyranny and a sacking in democracy Kissinger 92, Henry, Nobel Peace Prize Laureate, 3/21/08,Executive Tyranny, http//www. cassiopaea. org/cass/exec_tyranny. htm / With the unear function of old and newly im proved executive orders recently we come to realise that this has been an ideological strategy that was designed long before the present U. S. administration. We are seeing the death throes of the US constitution and any semblance of democracy that may have initially existed with the founding fathers.It seems inevitable that the U. S. will become the epitome of a totalitarian rule with a further mandate to build on its already established cultural McDonaldization and geopolitical destruction of the planet. The above words from Kissinger giving a speech at the 1992 Bilderberg meeting in Evian, France, was recorded by a Swiss delegate, no doubt much to the chagrin of this elder statesman, who was unaware of the taping. The barely disguised contempt for humanity is only too beaten(prenominal) within the ranks of the Elite, and this man is particularly active at the moment.No doubt he is seeing the beginnings of a Faustian pay-off for services rendered. I dread to phone what misanthr opic propaganda he is peddling behind the closed doors of conferences and special interest groups in 2003. The impact is value to life moral side constraint Petro, 1974 call forth Forest Professor in Toledo Law Review, (Sylvester, Spring, page 480) However, one may still insist, echoing Ernest Hemingway I believe in only one thing liberty. And it is always well to bear in mind David Humes observation It is seldom that liberty of any kind is lost all at once. Thus, it is unacceptable to say that the invasion of one aspect of freedom is of no import because there have been invasions of so many other aspects. That road leads to chaos, tyranny, despotism, and the end of all human aspiration. Ask Solzhenitsyn. Ask Milovan Dijas. In sum, if one believed in freedom as a supreme value and the proper ordering principle for any party aiming to maximize spiritual and material welfare, then every invasion of freedom must be emphatically identified and resisted with undying spirit.

Naming and Shaming Sex Offenders Essay

Define The social issue naming and shaming sex offenders is the worst sex offenders being named and shamed on a meshsite with their picture, name, address and date of experience on their profile. People can type in the suburb they recognize in and see what sex offenders represent in their area.Argument 1For ride offenders, even more so than other forms of crime, are prone to re-offending upon release from prison. Therefore, to protect society, they should be required to register with a local police station, and their names and addresses should be made available to the domain. Police would also supply this information to schools and day cares, who will be consequently far more alert to either risk. Parents would find this information invaluable in ensuring their childrens safety, and it would cut the rate of sexual crime by those freed from prison.In the end, we have to protect our children at every cost. Against This proposal is an essential violation of the principles of our penal system, which are based on the serving of a set punishment before being freed from prison. This registration inflicts a new punishment for an old crime and will lead to sex offenders to be demonized by their neighbours and community, and possibly be forced to move out of the townspeople they are located in. It will also lead to campaigns and violence, sometimes against innocent people with similar looks and names, such a risk cannot be taken.Argument 2For Crimes for sexual offence are among the most repulsive and damaging that exist they can ruin a persons life. As the offenders responsible for these crimes cannot be imprisoned forever, and must be released at some point extra caution must be taken to ensure they pose no flagellum to the public. Against The suggestions of this website are clouding the options. Physiological evaluations can define accurately whether an offender is still risk of exposure to society or not. If an offender is still a danger to society then they should not be released from prison, if they are not a danger any more then they should be released and be able to live a happy and normal life. Studies have shown that treatment is quite effective to help reduce the rate of re-offending.Argument 3For A national web register would allow police to track re-offenders faster, increasing the success rate and the speed of which they are brought to justice. Against Police can be aided by a register only available to the police. Making it public might make the offenders run and making it hard for police to track them. Studies have shown that a public register is a subjective to abuse from the public. Around 2 out of every 5 offenders have been a victim of vigilantism. The social ostracism, denial of reconstructive measure such as housing and stable employment, and threats of vigilantism, making former offenders disobey reporting requirements.Argument 4For A national register would clear sexual offenders directly, as they would be on local registers of counseling and psychological help groups, who would be more able to offer help. Against Offenders should have access to these work anyway, regardless of whether their names are available to society or not. This register has led to large qualities of withdrawing sex offenders listen on the register, along with their families. The register is a spread of myths and stereotypes used by the public to justify the ostracism and denial of service. Sex offenders in Australia have lost jobs, housing and treatment options and forced to live under never ending changing requirements.

Bassano’s Last Judgment

The Last Judgment, by Leandro Bassano 16th snow Venetian Artist, religious painting of Christ Finished in 1596, currently residing in the National Museum of westward Art Tokyo, Japan (Ueno). Visited on 11/2/09 from 1015-1130 Bassanos The Last Judgment Painted by Leandro Bassano, a 16th century Venetian artist, The Last Judgment is a stunning work of scared art that takes ones breath away upon first sight. Finished in 1596, the oil painting stands 73 x 51 cm tall and currently re sides in the National Museum of Western Art in Tokyo, Japan.Visiting this maculation on a Monday, I had the pleasure of seeing it mostly to myself. Most people walking by stopped to take a brief numerate at the well lit painting and I couldnt help only if wonder if they were Christian or non and whether or not the eyepatch would have had a bigger impact if they were. At first glance it was pretty easy for me to see this pieces relationship to Christianity and the event that it depicts. The painting, to me, appears in 3 sections the central and most eye drawing section on top, the eye section, and the bottom section.The top section depicts Jesus of Nazareth basked in a gleam set about holding a white flag of salvation while a man, most likely his father God, floats above him. He is surrounded by angels and pure followers of Christ at, what the title suggests, is the last judgment. This section is the b officeest and most eye catching fork of the painting due to the well played severalise colors surrounding it. All other parts following this are duller and darker in color and really help to create a glowing light in the darkness effect for this top portion.The middle section, duller in tone to its predecessor, appears in two parts. The left side portrays people of the church while the right side shows commoners. I felt this section depicted those who were neither tainted nor completely pure those who were almost in reach of salvation but who could til now still fall. I though t this section, although smallest in portrayal, represented the largest portion of the Christian community as we are often on the path to salvation but can still easily sway.This middle section was what I believed to be the middle way. As it appears, the top portion of the painting conveys salvation and Christ, while the middle section depicts the church and the people, so all that remains are those in redemption and those who are already damned. This is the bottom and darkest part of the piece. On the left side sits those who can still be saved the image of angels helping men stand up covey great feelings of regret and redemption.The right side of the section, the darkest and grimmest part of the painting, depicts devils and demons carrying and torturing the tainted and damned. When I first saw The Last Judgment I was curious as to why the brightest piece was on top and not dead center as it was what drew my eye first and foremost however a quick look at the other sections of the p ainting quickly draws one to the conclusion of an order with heaven on top, earth in the middle, and hell down below.The colors and style of the painting resemble that of other conversion pieces surrounding it and really does well in drawing one back in time giving the viewer a wonderful feel of the Christian religion. Overall this was an amazing piece depicting a holy and scared event in the Christian religion. The Last Judgment, by Leandro Bassano 16th century Venetian Artist, religious painting of Christ Finished in 1596, currently residing in the National Museum of Western Art Tokyo, Japan (Ueno). Visited on 11/2/09 from 1015-1130

Ib Biology Enzymes Ia

Biology Enzymes IA Design Introduction Enzymes are globular proteins, they are responsible for about of the chemical activities of a living organism. They act as catalysts, substances that affects the reaction of other substances without being destroyed or altered during the process. They are extremely efficient in the body system of living organisms, one enzyme may catalyse over a thousand chemical reactions every second. But thither are authorized conditions that need to be fulfilled in order for the enzymes to work.Temperature of the environment must be correct for all(prenominal) enzyme because unlike enzymes will have different temperature ranges in which they can live. pH levels in the environment must also be correct because if the environment around the enzyme is too basic or acidic, the enzyme will chop-chop denature. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is naturally formed in living organisms, however it is very harmful and is broken down immediately by several enzymes including c atalase. This enzyme catalyses the disruption of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen.Persons with acatalasemia (a hereditary condition) have extremely low catalase activity and, although present worldwide, it is more commonly found in Koreans. Hydrogen bleach is usually used as a topical disinfectant in wounds and the bubbling that is seen in the experiment is due to the oxygen gas released from the well-tried substance. Because of this, any cell that uses oxygen or lives in the presence of oxygen must have a way to get rid of the peroxide. One of these ways is to bring about catalase. Research Question In what manner will the product of the enzymatic reaction be released from the different substances placed with the test tube? diametrical aliment items will produce different amount of bubbles when tested with the hydrogen peroxide Variables give in of Variables Independent Variable Dependent Variable Controlled Variable Uncontrolled Variables Different types of vegetabl es and fruits used for catalase testing Amount of bubbles produced in the reaction * Amount of hydrogen peroxide used to test each of the substances * Quantity of each substance * pH of the hydrogen peroxide Temperature of the room Table of Controlled Variables Variables method of Control Amount of hydrogen peroxide used to test each of the substances Measured carefully with a measuring cylinder Quantity of each substance Each vegetables and fruit (with the exception of the Chinese kail) is sting to a block shape of 5? 1? 1cm dimension pH of the hydrogen peroxide Percentage concentration of hydrogen peroxide listed on the bottle Apparatus List * Test tube sea wrack * Cutting knife * Cutting board * Stirring rod * 5 test tubes * cccml glass beaker * Pipette dropper * 250 ml hydrogen peroxide of 3% concentration * Stopwatch * 1 red apple * 1 carrot * 3 branches of Chinese cabbage * 1 potato 1 onion Method Set up the pillowcase board and place the cutting knife carefully, plac e the all 5 test tubes on the test tube rack. swan a designated substance on the cutting board (any of the listed fruit/vegetables above) for the purpose of this method write-up we will use the red apple. Use the cutting knife to cut the piece of apple into halves, after that use the knife to cut 5 pieces of the red apples into 5? 1? 1cm of volume. Do the same for the carrot, potato and onions. For the Chinese cabbage rip out bits of leaves from the plant and roll them up into a cylinder-like shape thats approximately a volume of ? 1? 1cm. At this point there should be 5 pieces (each) of red apples, carrots, potatoes and onions of a volume of 5? 1? 1cm + 5 rolled up pieces of Chinese cabbage. Place all these materials on the cutting board. Place all 5 of the red apples into the test tubes (1 piece for each test tube). Pour 250 ml hydrogen peroxide of 3% concentration into the 300 ml glass beaker. At this point, all apparatus should have been comelyly set-up and the experimentation s should be able to commence. Using the pipette dropper to suck in 10 ml of the 3% hydrogen peroxide, drop 10ml of hydrogen peroxide into a test tube. bear this for all of the test tubes. Use the stopwatch to count 10 legal proceeding and observe the amount of bubbles being released from the bubbles. After 10 minutes have passed, record amount of bubbles released in each test tube. Pour the hydrogen peroxide and dump the waste material unto the sink and throw away leaf discs, rinse all the test tubes. Record all observed data. This is the experiment Repeat the experiment but instead of using red apples again, use the different vegetables that has been previously prepared. Test tube rack Test tube rack 5? 1? 1cm potato with 3% hydrogen peroxide 5? 1? 1cm potato with 3% hydrogen peroxideTest tube Test tube Labeled diagram Data Collection and Processing Raw Data Table Table 1 Amount of bubbles released from each test tube Processed Data Table Table 2 taut and standard deviation of a mount of bubbles released from each test tube Graph *Error bars represent the uncertainty of the bubble count of the experiment. Processed Data Sample calculation of mean amount of bubbles produced Where Ex = Sum of all set n = Number of Values Where Ex = Sum of all values n = Number of Values Formula Mean= ? xn Calculation (Potato) 24+19+28+17+315 = 1195 = 23. 80 Mean of potato = 23. 80Sample calculation of the standard deviation of amount of bubbles produced Where E = Sum of X = Individual measurements in sample Xbar = mean n = number of values Where E = Sum of X = Individual measurements in sample Xbar = mean n = number of values Formula Calculation (Potato) 2419. 765-1 = 2419. 764 = 604. 94 = 24. 60 regulation Deviation of potato = 24. 60 Sample calculation of the T-test of amount of bubbles produced Where X1 = mean of foremost sample X2 = mean of 2nd sample S1 = standard deviation of foremost sample S2 = standard deviation of 2nd sample N1&N2 = number of values Where X1 = m ean of 1st sampleX2 = mean of 2nd sample S1 = standard deviation of 1st sample S2 = standard deviation of 2nd sample N1&N2 = number of values Formula Calculation (potato & red apple) (23. 80+8)5. 895+15 = 31. 80/1. 38 = 31. 80/1. 17 = 27. 18 T-test of potato and red apple = 27. 18 Conclusive Study & Evaluation Discussion By this point, it is clear that the bubbling process of each food item is distinct to their own properties. This statistical fact gives a possibility that each food item contained different amount of amylase. We know this because of the different number of bubbles produced by each food item.For example, the total bubble release of the carrot is 56. 60 (1) which is quite a lot of bubbles produced in 10 minutes. The onion, on the other hand produced very little amount of bubble compared to the carrot and producing an add up of 2. 60 (1) bubbles from the 5 trials conducted. The potato showed a good amount of bubbles produced, with the average of 23. 80 (1) bubble pro duced from the 5 trials conducted. Thus, the potato contains the most amylase in it after the carrot. A theory to why carrots and potatoes contain more amylase than the other food items, is that both of the plant species belongs to the Asterids clade.Both plants grow their fruits under the soil so it is possible that the food items grown under the soil. This is an exception to the onion however as the onion produced an average of 2. 60 (1) bubbles. Conclusion Based on the knowledgeable findings of this experiment and relating back to the hypothesis of Different food items will produce different amount of bubbles when tested with the hydrogen peroxide It is discovered that this statement is true. Also, the carrot is discovered to contain the most amount of amylase as it produced more bubbles than the rest of the food items EvaluationEvaluation table process to be evaluated Weakness Improvements suggested Design Uncategorised test substances Incomparable results due to the lack of s imilarity between the experimental substances Organise and carefully select proper test substances QUALITITY OF DATA Only 5 trials were conducted The amount of data could be greater More trials could be conducted PRECISION AND ACCURACY The rate of bubbles being produced is sometimes too fast Difficulty in counting specific amount of bubbles produced Ask for assistance to count the bubbles

Ethnic Groups and Racism Essay

Race and ethnicity ar important concepts in the field of sociology and be ones that atomic number 18 studied a enceinte deal. Race plays a large role in everyday human interactions and sociologists want to study how, why, and what the outcomes are of these interactions. A fly the coop is a human commonwealth that is believed to be distinct in some way from another(prenominal) humans based on real or imagined physical differences. Racial syllabusifications are root in the idea of biological classification of humans according to morphological features such as skin color in or facial characteristics.An individual is usually externally classified (meaning someone else ease ups the classification) into a racial collection rather than the individual choosing where they belong as part of their identity. Conceptions of race, as well as specialised racial classifyingings, are often controversial due to their impact on complaisant identity and how those identities influen ce someones position in cordial hierarchies. Ethnicity, while related to race, refers not to physical characteristics but social traits that are shared by a human population. Some of the social traits often utilise for ethnic classification include nationality tribe religious faith shared language shared culture shared traditions Unlike race, ethnicity is not usually externally assigned by other individuals.The term ethnicity foc hires more upon a sorts connection to a perceived shared past and culture. II. CONTENT/ fanciful REPORT DEFINITION OF RACE AND ETHNICITY Race is a socially defined category, based on real or perceived biological differences between groupings of battalion. Ethnicity is a socially defined category based on common language, theology, nationality, history or another ethnical factor. Sociologists see race and ethnicity as social constructions because they are not rooted in biological differences, they change over time, and they never stool firm boundari es.Example White The distinction between race and ethnicity finish be displayed or hidden, depending on individual preferences, while racial identities are ever so on display. THE SOCIOLOGICAL MEANING OF ETHNIC GROUPS AND RACISM The classification of volume into races and ethnic groups carries deep implication on the social and political life of different racial and ethnic groups.These classifications led to the notion of racial superiority and racial wanting(p)ity, heathenishly advanced groups and ethnicly disadvantaged, the use of derogatory undertones and parody, apartheid policy, discrimination and parti pris, and stereotyping of groups of people.Ethnic conflicts excite been regular butt against within the same territorial borders and among the nations of the world. Ethnic conflicts have been pervasive and dangerous because they cause massive humanitarian suffering, civil wars, and destabilizing effects. Sociologically, race refers to a group of people whom others belie ve are genetically distinct and whom they come up to accordingly. This term is commonly used to refer to physical differences between people brought about by physical characteristics of genetic origin.This commonness of genetic heritage black-and-bluethorn be manifested in the shape of the head and face, the shape and color of the eyes, the shape of the nose, lips, and ears, the texture and color of the hair, the skin color, height, blood type and other physical characteristics. Among the probatory racial categories studied by early social scientists were the Caucasoid, Mongoloid, Negroid, and the subgroups of primary and derived races. Racial differences are seen as physical differences singled out by the community or connection as ethnically significant.It is preferable to refer to ethnicity or ethnic groups rather than race for its historical and biological connotations. An ethnic group represents a number of persons who have a common cultural background as evidenced by a fee ling of loyalty to a given geographical territory or leader, a feeling of identification with and unity among historical and other group experiences, or a high degree of similarity in social norms, ideas and tangible objects. Members of ethnic groups see themselves as culturally different from other groups in the society and are viewed by others to be so. SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF MEMBERSHIP IN racial AND ETHNIC GROUPS.Membership in racial and ethnic groups influences peoples social status and roles as they interact with others. Physical characteristics, especially skin color and certain distinctive cultural traits, complexes, and patterns, become badges for social and economic status. Frequently, they establish a persons or groups position in the social stratification system and make up the constituteation for parti pris, discrimination, and other forms of differential treatment. Furthermore, when an ethnic group becomes a target of discrimination, such group may utilize the whim sical physical or cultural traits as the rallying force for promoting common loyalties and enhancing collective action.When peoples definition of physical characteristics greatly affects their relationship, such definitions for the most part become interlinked with cultural differences. A classic example is the white mans justification of his technological, economic, political and military superiority. Examples are such ideologies as the God-chosen race, the white mans burden and more recently, the apartheid policy. Since the early days of the United States, Native Americans, African-Americans and European-Americans were classified as belonging to different races.But the criteria for membership in these races were radically different. For Africans, the government considered anyone with African appearance to be purely African. Native Americans, on the other handwriting, were classified based on a certain constituent of Indian blood. Finally, European-Americans had to have purely wh ite ancestry. The differing criteria for assigning membership to particular races had comparatively little to do with biology it had far more to do with maintaining a groups defined roles and position. Racial and ethnic membership leads to a sense of people-hood.By this, we mean a sense of identification with a relatively small segment of the worlds population- those who by virtue of common ancestry or heritage we consider our own kind. Erich Fromm wrote in 1941 The identity with nature, clan, religion, gives the individual security. He belongs to, he is rooted in, structuralized whole in which he has an unquestionable place. He may suffer from hunger or suppression, but he does not suffer from worst of all pains- complete aloneness and doubt. PATTERNS OF ETHNIC GROUP RELATIONS.People who occupy a subordinate status are usually called a nonage group. What determines a minority group is not the unique racial or ethnics traits nor their great number but the relationship of different groups in the society of which they are a part. A minority group, then is one that, because of the power of differences among the groups, is singled out for unequal treatment in the society. A minority refers to a group which, because of physical and cultural characteristics, occupies a subordinate position in the society and subjected to collective discrimination, in some cases, even segregation, oppression, slavery, peonage, military subjugation, religious persecution, and economic, political, educational, and social suppression.The patterns of ethnic group relations include the following 1. Patterns of Racism a. Prejudice and discrimination Racism is behavior that is motivated by the belief that ones own group is superior to other groups that are set apart on the earth of physical characteristics Structural racism refers to inequalities built into an organization or system. An example of structural racism can be seen in recent research on workplace discrimination. 37 There is w idespread discrimination against job applicants whose name were merely perceived as sounding black. These applicants were 50% less likely than candidates perceived as having white-sounding names to receive callbacks for interviews, no matter their level of preliminary experience. Prejudice prejudged negative attitude or opinion about a group without bothering to verify the merits of the opinion or judgment The relationship between prejudice and discrimination is complex. Robert Mertons study and typology of the relationship between prejudice and discrimination Four patterns 1. Unprejudiced nondiscriminatory integration 2. Unprejudiced and discriminatory institutional discrimination 3. discriminative and nondiscriminatory latent bigotry 4.Prejudiced and discriminatory outright bigotry In his study, (1974), Bulatao listed impressions on some ethnic groups by respondents from five Philippine cities Ilocanos and Chinese were viewed as most industrious, serious, thrifty Tagalogs, progressive Bicolanos and Cebuanos, humble, friendly, warm, and smooth Warays, lazy but strong and Ilongos, proud and extravagant. b. Discrimination refers to the act of disqualifying or mistreating people on the basis of their group membership or on ascriptive rounds rationally irrelevant to the situation. Whereas prejudice is a state of mind, discrimination is actual behavior.Prejudice and discrimination work hand in hand to create and sustain racial and ethnic stratification, (Jarry J. 1987) THEORIES OF PREJUDICE Light gives the following explanations on the origin of prejudice 1. stinting Theory- assumes that racial prejudice is a social attitude transmitted by the dominant ethnic bulk class for the purpose of stigmatizing some group s as inferior so that the exploitation of the group resources will be justified. 2. Symbolic Theory- asserts that prejudice arises because a racial or ethnic group is a symbol of what people hate, fear, or envy. 3.Scapegoat theory- maintains that human beings are reluctant to accept their mistakes for their troubles and failures so they look for an ethnic-minority to shoulder the blame. 4. Social norm theory- asserts that ethnocentrism is a natural development of group living. Hatred and suspicion for the out-group are the standard and normal way of doing things, particularly in dealing with people. c. Stereotypes are often simplified and unsupported generalizations about others and are used indiscriminately for all cases. A few examples are Ilokano, bantay kuako (heavy smokers) and kuripot (stingy) Pampangueno, dugong aso (dog blood or traitors)Batangueno, balisong (knife-wielding) Bicolanos, sili ( pepper or hot people). 2. Patterns of Competition, Conflict and Domination When ethnocentric attitudes are coupled with intergroup competition for territory and scarce resources, an explosive social situation may arise. When two groups both strive for the same things- and they perceive their single claims to be mutually exclusi vely and legitimate- the stage is set for conflict. In modern societies, the state has become the vehicle that enables one group to dominate and keep the other group subordinate.In sum, competition supplies the motivation for systems of stratification, and ethnocentrism directs competition along racial and ethnic lines, but power determines which group will subjugate the other (Noel, 1972 Barth and Noel, 1975). 3. Economic and Political Subjugation The economic takeover of one nation by a more powerful one and the subsequent political and social domination of the native population is called colonialism. If the takeover of one nation is trough the military superiority of the more powerful one for the purpose of territorial expansion and establishing colonies, it is termed as military colonialism.On the other hand, if the economic takeover is made through the great technological superiority of the more powerful one, the institutionalization of their businesses in their former colonie s, the understand and domination of most of a colonys natural resources, the imposition of trade policies and economic treaties favorable to their side the establishment of outlets for their surplus capital the wishing for more cheap labor, raw materials, and markets to fuel their growing economy, the process is termed neo-colonialism or economic imperialism. 4. Displacement and Segregation of the Native Population.Economic and political subjugation of a minority population by a more powerful group is not the only pattern of conquest that occurs when different racial and ethnic group meet. Displacement of native population can be made possible through the influx of powerful settlers or invaders with their vastly superior weapons. It is typically found in areas rich in natural resources and similar in geography and climate to the homeland of the invading group.Displacement takes the following forms a. ) by attrition, that is, numbers of the weaker group may die of starvation or dis ease either deliberately or not b.) by population transfer and c. ) by genocide- deliberate and unkind extermination of the weaker group. Segregation involves the enactment of laws and/or customs that restrict or prohibit contact between groups. Segregation may be ethnic or racial or based on sex or age.5. Patterns of Accommodation and Tolerance Interracial and interethnic accommodation can be carried out through interbreeding or amalgamation- the intermarriage of members of the majority and minority groups. This can result in the blending of their various customs and values and the creation of a new cultural hybrid.This involves a cultural and biological blending in which the customs and values of both groups are to some extent preserved and their biological characteristics appear in the offspring. 6. Patterns of cultivation and Assimilation Acculturation and assimilation are two very important concepts in sociology and anthropology that describe cross cultural effects on both minorities as well as majorities in societies that are multi ethnic and multi cultural in nature. Assimilation is a broader concept as described by sociologist denim Piaget and refers to the manner in which people take new information.There are many people who think of the two concepts as same and even use them interchangeably. If you belong to a minority community in a country and retain your own culture but cannot remain isolated and are touched by the majority culture in such a way that you adapt to some aspects of the majority culture, the process is referred to as acculturation. Assimilation is a process whereby people of a culture learn to adapt to the ways of the majority culture. There is a loss of ones own culture as a person gives more value to the cultural aspects of the majority community in the process of assimilation.What is the difference between Acculturation and Assimilation? Meeting of cultures always produces results in terms of changes in both the cultures, and acculturation and assimilation refer to two important and different changes in these cultures. Assimilation refers to the process where some of the majority communitys cultural aspects are absorbed in such a manner that the home cultural aspects get mitigated or lost. Acculturation is a process where the cultural aspects of the majority community are adapted without losing the traditions and customs of the minority community. Minority culture changes in the case of assimilation whereas it the Great Compromiser intact in the case of acculturation. 7. Patterns of cultural Pluralism or Ethnic Diversity Cultural pluralism refers to the co populateence of different racial or ethnic groups each of which retains its own cultural identity and social structural networks, while participating equally in the economic and political systems. (Light, 1985)In pluralistic society, each group retains its own language, religion and customs, and its members tend to interact socially primarily among themselves. Yet all jointly participate in the economic and political systems and live in harmony and peaceful coexistence. A prime example of such an arrangement can be found in Switzerland. There, people of German, French, and Italian heritage preserve their distinct cultural ways while coexisting peacefully and equally. No one group enjoys special privileges or is discriminated against. ETHNIC GROUPS IN THE PHILIPPINES Ethnic groups in the Philippines are classified according to certain physical, cultural, linguistic, religious and geographic criteria. A.According to distinctive physical traits 1. The Negritoes who are regarded as the aborigines of the Philippines. 2. The Indonesian- Malayan stock which is predominant among the Filipinos. 3. The Chinese who make up the largest national group. 4. The Americans and the Spaniards, and a few other Europeans who came as colonizers. B. According to cultural standpoints 1. Cultural minorities or cultural communities 2. Muslims 3. Christ ian groups C. According to linguistic groupings PANAMIN reports that there are about 87 ethno linguistic groups in the Philippines-e. g. , Tagalog, Ilokano, Waray, Hiligaynon, Kapampangan, Ilonggo, etc. D. According to religion 1.Roman Catholics 2. Muslims 3. Aglipayans 4. Protestants 5. Iglesia ni Cristo 6. Buddhists 7. Jehovahs witnesses 8. Other religious sects. E. Muslims of Southern Philippines The Muslims make up the largest single non-Christian group. They have nine ethno-linguistic groups, namely 1. Taosug 2. Maranao 3. Maguindanao 4. Samal 5. Yakan 6. Sanggil 7. Badjao 8. Molbog 9. Jama Mapun From the Spanish regime to the present, Muslim and Christian intergroup relationships have been characterized by animosity and suspicion.This has been expressed in the Muslims current resentment of Christian settlers and attempts at secession to form an independent Mindanao. Muslim revolutionary groups the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Bangsai Moro Liberation Front (BM LF) want Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan to break up from the Philippines. THE CULTURAL COMMUNITIES AND THE CHRISTIAN FILIPINOS The non-Christian Filipinos now known as cultural communities make up 10% of the total national population. They have maintained their culture in their clothes, art, religion, ethnic dialect, customs, traditions and other superficial differences.There are 77 major ethno-linguistic groups in the Philippines. A. Northern Luzon 1. Isneg 11. Ivatan/Itbayat 21. Malaweg 2. Kalinga 12. Ilocano 22. Yogad 3. Ifugao 13. Apayao 23. Pangasinan 4. Bontok 14. Balangao 24. Palanan 5. Kankanai 15. Bago 25. Kapampangan 6. Ibaloi 16. Kalanguya 26. Tagalog 7. Gaddang 17. Iwak 27. Bicol 8. Tinggian 18. Isinay 28. Negrito 9. Ilongot 19. Ibanag 29. Sambal 10. Ibalahan 20. Itawit B. Smaller Groups in Luzon 1. Aetas 2. Dumagats of Quezon Province 3. Mangyans of Mindoro 4. Hanunoo C. Visayas 1. Bataks 7. Aklanon 13. Solud 2. Keney 8. Rombloanon 14. Bukidnon.3. Negritoes 9. Bantoanon 1 5. Boholano 4. Alangans 10. Hiligaynon 16. Cebuano 5. Masbateno 11. Kiniray-a 17. Waray 6. Abakon 12. Hamtikanon D. Mindanao 1. Tagurays 8. Mansakas 15. Kamiguin 2. Tagabilis 9. Maranao 16. Mamanwa 3. Bilaans 10. Sangil/Sangir 17. Butuanon 4. Mandayas 11. Ilanun 18. Kamayo 5. Manobos 12. Maguindanao 19. Bagobo 6. Tasadays 13. Tiboli 20. Kalagan 7. Magtisalugs 14. Subanon 21. Kalibugan E. In Sulu/Tawi-Tawi 1. Yakan 2. Sama 3. Sama Dilaut 4. Tausug 5. Jama Mapun F. In Palawan 1. Tagbanua 2. Agutayanen 3. Kuyonen 4. Molbog 5. Palawan 6. Batak 7. Taut Baten III.GROUP REFLECTION Within sociology, the terms race, ethnicity, minority, and dominant group all have very specific and different meanings. To understand the sociological perspective on race and ethnicity, it is important to understand the meanings of these concepts. An ethnic group is a social category of people who share a common culture, such as a common language, a common religion, or common norms, customs, practices, and histo ry. Ethnic groups have a consciousness of their common cultural bond.An ethnic group does not exist simply because of the common national or cultural origins of the group, however. They develop because of their unique historical and social experiences, which become the basis for the groups ethnic identity. For example, prior(prenominal) to immigration to the United States, Italians did not think of themselves as a distinct group with common interests and experiences. However, the process of immigration and the experiences they faced as a group in the United States, including discrimination, created a new identity for the group. Some examples of ethnic groups include Italian Americans, Polish Americans, Mexican Americans, Arab Americans, and Irish Americans.Ethnic groups are to a fault found in other societies, such as the Pashtuns in Afghanistan or the Shiites in Iraq, whose ethnicity is base on religious differences. Like ethnicity, race is primarily, though not exclusively, a soc ially constructed category. A race is a group that is treated as distinct in society based on certain characteristics. Because of their biological or cultural characteristics, which are labeled as inferior by powerful groups in society, a race is often singled out for differential and cheating(prenominal) treatment.It is not the biological characteristics that define racial groups, but how groups have been treated historically and socially. Society assigns people to racial categories (White, Black, etc. ) not because of science or fact, but because of opinion and social experience. In other words, how racial groups are defined is a social process it is socially constructed. A minority group is any distinct group in society that shares common group characteristics and is forced to occupy low status in society because of prejudice and discrimination. A group may be classified as a minority on the basis of ethnicity, race, sexual preference, age, or class status.It is important to not e that a minority group is not necessarily the minority in terms of numbers, but it is a group that holds low status in relation to other groups in society (regardless of the size). The group that assigns a racial or ethnic group to subordinate status in society is called the dominant group. There are several sociological theories about why prejudice, discrimination, and racism exist. Current sociological theories focus mainly on explaining the existence of racism, particular institutional racism.The three major sociological perspectives (functionalist theory, symbolic interaction theory, and conflict theory) each have their own explanations to the existence of racism. Functionalist theorists argue that in order for race and ethnic relations to be functional and contribute to the harmonious conduct and stability of society, racial and ethnic minorities must assimilate into that society. Assimilation is a process in which a minority becomes absorbed into the dominant society sociall y, economically, and culturally. Symbolic interaction theorists look at two issues in relation to race and ethnicity. First, they look at the role of social interaction and how it reduces racial and ethnic hostility.Second, they look at how race and ethnicity are socially constructed. In essence, symbolic interactionists ask the question, What happens when two people of different race or ethnicity come in contact with one another and how can such interracial or interethnic contact reduce hostility and conflict? The fundamental argument made by conflict theorists is that class-based conflict is an inherent and fundamental part of society. These theorists thus argue that racial and ethnic conflict is tied to class conflict and that in order to reduce racial and ethnic conflict, class conflict must first be reduced.

Milk Powder in China Essay

Firstly, the guests of Milk disintegrate market in China can be devided in to three parts.Which are high income, working-class,and utter income. In China now, most of young parents pay most of their attention to childrens health.They often none foreign goods like food and clothes for children. but not everyone has ablity As mentioned above, our take out powder go away be easily accepted by the young parents who are highly educated, and have high income cod to its high quanlity and the suitble for asian babies in demographics. In psychographics, as we know, resently, most of Chinese draw powder has been chequered out Melamine that can lead to kidney stones. Young parents have lost confidence in the manufacturing of milk powder.More and more people try to purchase foreign milk powder for baby no matter how expensive it is. But most of them secure it from internet by someone who can taint the powder derectly in the country of origin, it will pay lots attention and more money . This is a varan that we can use this mind to develop our Chinese market. In the past , most Chinese parents buy milk powder which was advertised well, they thought the products that film star recommended would be high quantity.Facts had proved that it would not work. People have lost their confidence on advertisment. It is a problem for us how to promote our milk powder. If we over- used advertisement, it may cause resentment from parents. Some other people will buy milk powder which is recommended by friends or experts from China and other countries. According to the above analysis.We can use turn global marketing srtategy. As have related we must use single marketing smorgasbord to suit the customer Our milk powder is expensive, not everyone has ability r to bear the expense. So our customer groups is who have high income and highly educated and think babys health is the most consequential thing they have concerned. This part will have little family of hostility, at least th ey will first of all consider the needs of their baby.

Characters in George Orwells novel “Animal Farm” Essay

The book animal put up, written by George Orwell, is believed to tell the story of not just a story about some rebellious animals, barely represents how the Russian revolution took place. Many believe this because of the way he portrays certain characters in the novel. Such as snowball being represented as Leon Trotsky, old major being represented as , and the unmerciful leader of the farm snooze representing the leader of the U.S.S.R. Josef starlin.After the rebellion of manor farm, napoleon declared himself the regulation or the animals and the estate. He also renamed the property Animal farm, showing that the animals where no longer to be kept as slaves by humans running the farm, but instead to be at the same brotherly level as all the other animals. This is similar to when starlin took leadership or Russia after the tsar was expelled from his commonwealth by the people. Starlin then renamed Russia the U.S.S.R.Napoleon is orwells villain in animal farm and represents Jose ph starlin during the Russian revolution.Napoleon and starlin two attempt to run a socialist empire but soon finds that their human nature overwhelms them into taking advantage of their position.Napoleon seems to be a good leader at first, but becomes greedy and male monarch hungry. Starlin also became greedy and power hungry in Russia, making the caprice of socialism in Russia behind. What is meant by this is whilst the peasants were suffering and living in poverty, starlin was living in luxury.When the industrialization of Russia happened, like on animal farm with the windmill, both napoleon and starlin didnt want it to happen at first. Like when snowball wanted the idea to happen before napoleon and he declined, and when Leon Trotsky wanted it to happen when starlin didnt. Eventually napoleon decided to live with electricity to the farm by building a windmill to power the electricity and create a better image for the farm as well as improving productivity. This is like when starlin introduced the five socio-economic class plan. Starlin did industrialize his country, and boost his internationalstatus, but his countries living conditions where no better off.The true character of napoleon is shown when he has the animals plotting against him executed, and when he hires a pig to sample his food to make sure that he isnt being poisoned. Starlin also was a ruthless leader in Russia. After suspecting many people in his congress supporters of Trotsky, starlin also had these people executed.

George and Martha’s Essay

The genuinely title of Edward Albees Whos afraid of Virginia Woolf? has immediate con nonations as to the relationship amidst the two main characters of the play, George and Martha. The well cognise nursery rhyme in fact goes, Whos afraid of the big bad wolf? As we find let on in further reading of the play, the big bad wolf is obviously suppose to be seen as Martha, and the victim is George, her long suffering husband. However, in hindsight, both characters suffer just as much as severally other. The title of issue ace is Fun and Games. This proves to be slightly ironical as the games Martha and George play, mind and verbal matches, do not seem at all fun, exclusively pop as much of a power struggle. Apparent simple requests from Martha become games for both her and Martha to play. Martha says, Why assumet you want to kiss me? whereupon George replies, Well, dear, if I kissed you Id get all excited As one critic of the play wrote, They (George and Martha) club each o ther on the head with gleeful decline and leave huge patches of scorched earth. Emotions from both George and Martha become integrated into an ongoing power struggle, and Martha dwells in Georges anger as she likes to see the stirred up effect she has on him. As the night wears on, more alcohol is consumed and the clearer it becomes that it is not blood running through Martha and Georges veins, but booze, spite, nicotine and fear. When Martha first rants about a Bette Davis make that she quotes from, Hey, wheres that from? What a dump, it seems that George closely ignores her.Marthat ahs already appeared as the stronger character in the play, but in retrospect, she relies an George for a great many things, such as the name of the film that Bette Davis was in, and the name of the professor coming to puddle drinks. Both characters appear to totally confront one another. Martha, according to George, brays, and George shows a passive display of apathy. However, this is not merely st rength versus weakness due to Marthas obvious reliance on George.In Martha and Georges relationship, Martha firstly behaves like a mother towards George, saying, Cmon over here and give Mommy a big sloppy kiss. She then acts more childlike, with (imitating a child), Im firsty. It is as though Martha cannot learn as to whether she is the controlling mother or the child who needs protecting in their relationship. The action of this Act takes place in George and Marthas cosy yet cluttered home. In an outline, Martha is furious that George, an academic, hasnt advanced at the college where her father is President, that is, George hasnt become President himself.The fact that George didnt even fight during the War, but stayed in the History Department at the college, makes George and Martha doubt his manhood all the more. In a sense, George roughly feels below Marthas father. Understandably so, as Martha calls him a flop and continues to praise her father. George and Nicks (the sligh tly self contained young guest) chosen departments in the college are again an example of total contrast in the play. George appears to be bogged drink down in his department and not going anywhere academically or in his career. He is some a relic of the past himself.Nick, however, is at the forefront of new discoveries and is withal young, handsome and extremely successful. This is the reference of man whom Martha initially wanted to marry, yet the type of man to whom George could not fit the bill. George is therefore understandable threatened by Nick and his young, liberal way of thinking. George pretends to shoot Martha in another of their games, but this is to the highest degree the opposite to the restrained George we are used to seeing. Laughter and arguments between the characters of Martha and George demonstrate to us the dialectic of screw and hate in Act one.When Martha demands a kiss from George, a display of affection to his own wife, George knocks it back end a nd rejects her. The fluctuation in their relationship demonstrates that hating each other hasnt precluded form simultaneously loving and needing one another. Illusion appears to be a very important part of the play. George and Martha both had an illusion of what bread and butter would be like when they got married they saw George becoming president of the college and living a happy married conduct under its roof.Clearly this did not happen, and both feel somewhat bitter for it. Honey and Nick also appear almost as an illusion of a happy marriage, so it seems. They seem to slip into the primer in that they both pretend not to notice George and Marthas arguments and laugh at things that they dont particularly find funny. Another example of an illusion is that of Marthas and Georges apparent watchword. Martha is always very keen to talk of him whereas George is not so, almost closing down the subject.We never actually see the son in Act One and there is even confusion between the t wo as to when his natal day is. The supposed perfection of the boy, blonde hair and blue eyes, and the fact that George refers states, Dont bring up the bit about the boy, depersonalises and deludes his actual existence. This is obviously a particularly sore point of conversation between George and Martha, as it results in a number of heated arguments. Martha and George constantly hurl abusive and hurtful nomenclature at each other, as though throwing knives.In striking out at those closest to them, that is each other, they represent the typical dysfunctional couple. However, in doing so the romantic notion of love keeps their relationship almost unneurotic. Both saw each other as the way to a new, perfect way of life yet the fantasy was not fulfilled, and in verbally abusing each other, they take the blame from themselves and place it on each other. Albee has captured perfectly the way two completely different people can come together and the dramatic consequences it can have on each other, not always in bringing out the negative.

I Need Help on My Research Paper on the Stroop Effect

Warped Words & The Stroop Effect Table of Content My science project is on the Stroop Effect. Basically its an effect on the human head we become confused from the effect. For example if individual was to give you a paper with names of colors and the colors werent the same as the word.They told you to put down it aloud you are probably going to have a hard time selecting the language because of the effect. potty Ridley Stroop is the man who named a color-word task after him, he is a cognitive psychologist. He was wake that you could interfere with attention. Different learners are affected polarly there are optical, auditory, and tactile learners. Usually the visual learners dont have as much trouble. In 1935 John said that if you test different genders separately, it wont make a difference.He did four different tests one was to read the words, tell him the color, read them clock-wise, and read them counter-clockwise. When Ridley tested he only tested college students, he test ed them their 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and before they graduated. Introduction John Ridley Stroop was the first to perform the cognitive task, the Stroop effect. The effect is a study on interference, which makes two signals in your humour go off at the same time. These signals are located in a part of the brain called the anterior cingulate.Anterior cingulate is a part of the brain that regulates blood pressure, reward anticipation, decision-making, empathy, and emotions. The task female genitals affect hoi pollois reading abilities, because the effect interferes with the urge to read the word and not the ink color. Behaviorism can be an example such as classroom management. For example a teacher states that she provide reward the class for good behavior while there was a substitute, so she requests a company at the end of the week.This can be used for rewards and punishment, such as the teacher gets a heavy(p) report from the substitute and she punishes the class for their behavio r (ex. States to the class that they have to write a two divide apology letter to the substitute). So called behaviorist feel that teachers can give positive and negative reinforcements (rewards or punishments), so that you can learn. The purpose of the Stroop effect is to seek what interferes with our brain and to see how our brain processes the things we do.